Image of Kigelia africana or the sausage tree in serengeti national park
In this post we are going to look at
1.)About the Sausage Tree
2.)Botanical Characteristics of the sausage tree
3.)The Sausage Tree Local Name
4.)The Sausage Tree Fruit
5.)The Sausage Tree Propagation
6.)The sausage Tree Climatic Conditions
7.)The Sausage Tree habitat and Distribution
8.)Cultural and Ecological Significance of the Sausage Tree
9.)Traditional Uses of the Sausage Tree
10.)Folklore and Symbolism of the Sausage Tree
11.)Medicinal Properties of The Sausage Tree
12.)Culinary Uses of The Sausage Tree
13.)Medicinal Properties of The Sausage Tree
14.)Conservation and Sustainability on the Sausage Tree
About the Sausage Tree
Image of a Kigelia Africana Tree
The sausage tree (Kigelia africana) is an intriguing and unique species native to the African continent, known for its striking appearance and rich cultural significance. The Kigelia Africana is a Tropical tree 60 feet tall, native to South and East Africa. The tree has a thick trunk with grey bark, and a beautifully rounded profile. It bears deep red flowers which give way to enormous, pendulous fruits attaining a length of up to 3 feet. In the earlier stages of their growth, the shape is decidedly phallic, but they eventually come to resemble sausages hanging from the sausage maker butchery. The seeds, which are found embedded in the fibrous pulp of the fruit, are used in Africa as a famine food This tree, belonging to the Bignoniaceae family, is not only notable for its distinctive sausage-shaped fruits but also for its ecological contributions, medicinal uses, and cultural importance among various African communities.
Botanical Characteristics of the Sausage Tree
Image of Kigelia Africana Flowers
The sausage tree is a deciduous tree that can grow up to 20 meters tall. Its trunk is usually thick and can reach a diameter of about 1 meter. The tree has a broad crown, with long, arching branches that create a striking silhouette against the African sky. The bark is rough and grey, often fissured.
One of the most remarkable features of the sausage tree is its large, bell-shaped flowers. These flowers are typically around 10 to 15 centimeters in length and can be a striking shade of purple, red, or cream. They bloom at night, attracting pollinators such as bats and moths, which are crucial for the tree’s reproduction.
The Sausage Tree Local Names
Image of a Giant sausage tree in Serengeti National Park by adityadickysin
In English it is referred to as the Sausage tree, In Kamba language it is known as Muatine ,In Kikuyu Language it is referred to as Murati ,In Kipsigis language it is referred to as Ratuinet,In Luhya language it is referred to as Kumufunga, In Luo it is referred to as Yago ,In Maasai it is referred to as Oldarpo .In Marakwet language it is referred to as Rotio ,In Meru language it is referred to as Muratina,In Nandi language it is referred to as Ratinuet .In Orma Language it is referred to as Bogh .In Pokomo it is referred to as Mbwoka ,In Pokot it is referred to as Roti ,In Rendile language it is referred to as Muun, In Samburu language it is refered to as Imombi, In Somali language it is referred to as Bukuraal ,In Swahili Language it is referred to as Mwengea, In Taita Language it is referred to as Mwasina , In Taveta it is referred to as Mukish ,In Tharaka Language it is referred to as Muthigu
The Sausage Tree Fruit
Image of sausage tree fruits
The most distinguishing characteristic of the sausage tree is its fruit. The fruit resembles elongated sausages, hence the name, and can measure up to 60 centimeters in length. These fruits hang from long stalks, creating a unique visual appeal. When ripe, they turn brown and can contain seeds surrounded by a fibrous pulp. While the fruit is not edible in its raw state due to its unpleasant taste, it does have various uses after processing.
The Sausage Tree Propagation
No pre -treatment of the seed needed though germination rate is okay.
Germination improves after the seed have been stored for 12 months.
Soaking the seed in hot or boiling water for one minute prior to sowing will enhance germination.
Seeds are placed in seedling trays filled with pure river sand; they are pressed into the sand until the tip is level with the sand, covered lightly with a thin layer of sand or pure compost and kept moist.
Seed usually germinates after 7 - 20 days.
They germinate better at temperatures of 23°c or higher.
Sometimes seeds are released when the fruit rots on the ground, and plants regenerate naturally.
The sausage Tree Climatic Conditions
Image of Kigelia Africana seedling potted
The Sausage Tree is found in areas where the mean annual rainfall is in the range 900 - 2,000mm and Prefers a medium loam soil. The Sausage Tree also known as Kigelia Africana grows best in a sunny position in a fertile, humus-rich, well-drained soil
A relatively slow-growing tree; depending on the climate, it reaches good shade proportions in 4 - 5 years. The growth rate is at least 1 metre/year, but it is slower in colder areas.
Trees commence flowering when they are about 6 years old from seed.
Plants can flower intermittently all year round.
The flowers are unpleasantly scented.
The tree has a rather invasive root system and should not be planted close to buildings.
The Sausage Tree Habitat and Distribution
The sausage tree is predominantly found in sub-Saharan Africa, thriving in a range of habitats from savannas to riverbanks. It prefers well-drained soils and is often associated with the moist environments near water sources. The tree can tolerate dry periods, making it resilient in varying climates.
Cultural and Ecological Significance of the Sausage Tree
The sausage tree holds deep cultural significance in many African communities. Its unique characteristics have led to various myths and folklore surrounding its existence. In its natural habitat, the sausage tree plays a vital role in the ecosystem. Its flowers provide essential nectar for nocturnal pollinators, while the fruit serves as a food source for various animals, including monkeys and birds. The fallen fruits can also contribute to the nutrient cycle in the soil as they decompose.
Traditional Uses of the Sausage Tree
In some cultures, the tree's fruit is used in traditional medicine. The pulp can be fermented to create a beverage, while the seeds and bark are utilized for various medicinal purposes. For instance, the bark is sometimes used to treat skin conditions, while the leaves can be employed in poultices.
The tree's striking appearance makes it a popular choice for planting in public spaces, parks, and gardens. Its shade is valued, especially in arid regions, providing a cooling respite for both people and animals.
Folklore and Symbolism of the Sausage Tree
Beautiful image of a Kigelia Africana
The sausage tree is often surrounded by folklore and symbolism. In some communities, it is regarded as a symbol of fertility and abundance. The fruit's unusual shape has given rise to various stories and myths, often linked to themes of creation and sustenance.
In certain cultures, the sausage tree is believed to have protective qualities, and rituals may be performed to honor the tree, ensuring good fortune and health for the community.
Medicinal Properties of The Sausage Tree
The diversity of complaints against which the plant is used includes digestive problems, fainting, anaemia, sickle-cell anaemia, epilepsy, respiratory ailments, hepatic and cardiac disorders, and nutritional illnesses such as kwashiorkor, rickets, wasting and weakness. Much modern research supports the traditional uses and the plant has become an ingredient of commercially produced applications for treating skin problems.
Traditional usage (African herbalism): dressing for skin infections, rheumatism. Source of naphthoquinone molecule Lapachol.
The bark and leaves of the sausage tree are often used in poultices and ointments for treating skin ailments and wounds. Traditional healers may apply these preparations to cuts, rashes, and other dermatological issues. The antimicrobial properties attributed to the tree make it a valuable resource in folk medicine.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of the Sausage Tree
Research has indicated that the extracts from the sausage tree possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Studies have shown that the tree's extracts can inhibit the growth of certain bacteria and fungi, which could lead to potential applications in modern medicine. While more research is needed to fully understand its capabilities, the initial findings suggest that the sausage tree could be a promising source of natural remedies.
While the fruit of the sausage tree is not typically consumed raw, it can be processed into various culinary forms. In some cultures, the fruit is fermented to create beverages or used in cooking to impart flavor to dishes.
The Sausage Tree Beverage Production
The fermentation of sausage tree fruit can lead to a local alcoholic beverage, enjoyed by some communities. This practice showcases the resourcefulness of local populations in utilizing available natural resources. The beverage, while not widely known outside its native regions, reflects a deeper cultural connection to the land and its offerings.
The fruit is a common additive to ferment in preparing local beer famously known as Karubu and muratina to increase the potency or to add to the flavour.
Sometimes the fruit is baked first and the fleshy part is added to the brew to increase strength, or sometimes it is the rind.
These additions have been postulated as leading to increased fermentation resulting in the formation of amyl-alcohol and explain the severe hang-over after inebriation.
The nectar from the flowers is used as a source of sugar.
The Sausage Tree Flavoring and Culinary Applications
The seeds are roasted and used as a famine food.
In addition to beverages, processed sausage tree fruit can be used as a flavoring agent in certain traditional dishes. While it may not be mainstream, these culinary uses further demonstrate the versatility of the sausage tree beyond its ornamental and medicinal roles.
As with many plant species, the sausage tree faces challenges due to habitat loss and climate change. Urbanization and agricultural expansion can threaten its natural habitats, making conservation efforts essential.