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The Sycomore Fig -Mukuyu Tree

Updated: Oct 31, 2024


Mukuyu Fruits


In this post we will look at

1.)About the Mukuyu Tree

1.1)Mukuyu Tree Folklore

2.)Characteristics of the Mukuyu Tree

3.)Mukuyu Tree Fruits and Flowers

4.)Habitat and Distribution of the Sycamore Fig Tree

5.)Uses of the Sycamore Fig

6.)Medicinal Uses of the Mukuyu Tree

7.)Cultural Significance of the Mukuyu Tree

8.)Growing Conditions for the Mukuyu Tree

9.)Propagation of the Mukuyu Tree

10.)Mukuyu relationship with Water





sycamore fig tree fruits growing from branches

Image of sycamore fig tree fruits growing from branches

The Sycomore fig-mukuyu tree (Ficus sycomorus) is a remarkable tree species belonging to the Moraceae family. Known for its unique ecological and cultural significance and occurs naturally in forests, wooded savannahs, and along rivers.The fig tree with a nice, beautiful and evergreen shade which provides a wonderful shadow as a sanctuary from the African sun. Since these trees grow to a great age and height The roots also bring the subterranean water system closer to the surface, forming streams. It is no wonder that it was selected for such importance symbolism for the community


The Mukuyu Tree Folklore


The scene starts at the top of “The Mountain of God”, Kiri Nyaga generally called Mt Kenya.

The white patch on Mt. Kenya resembles the white parch of the Ostrich, Nyaga and that is why He is called MweneNyaga or “Possessor of the white patch.” It is pronounced as one word quickly MweneNyaga and not Mwene Nyaga which would mean

,

This is where God showed the first Gikuyu man the land below and instructed him to go to a specific spot to the South of the mountain where there was a grove of fig trees, Mikuyu. 


Gikuyu descended the mountain and on arrival at the place found a woman. I suppose he introduced himself and Gikuyu and Mumbi became husband and wife. He was also told that he could make contact with this Ngai at any time by praying to him while facing Mt. Kenya or by sacrificing a goat under the Mukuyu or another type of fig tree, the Mugumo


The name Gikuyu means a huge fig tree – Mukuyu, and Mumbi means Creator. The roots of the Mukuyu entered into the Great Mother Earth each nourishing the other and connecting with God.


Man and the Goddess of Creation came together and as the milk essence from the Mukuyu entered the earth, the Gikuyu and the Mumbi brought forth the ten daughters who became the mothers of the ten Gikuyu clans. Think of the sun and moon and the ten planets.



When the girls became of age and began to have yearnings for their own husbands, they went to their mother and asked her where she got her’s. She took the problem to her husband Gikuyu. Gikuyu consulted Ngai, God and Ngai asked him to make a sacrifice of a spotless ram under the fig tree “Mugumo”.


He called his daughters and asked them to go to the Mukuyu and for them to cut for each a straight rod of her own height. Nine of the girls brought the rods and their father placed them on top of the fire as ndara and then placed the sacrifice on them. In the morning NINE young men appeared and each of the daughters took a mate her own height.


The last born Wamuyu was too young to take part on the rod’s business and thus remained without a husband. The others married young men “A Gikuyu” meaning “of the great Mukuyu tree


  • The tree of origin for the word Gikuyu is the Mukuyu, Ficus sycomorus . Gikuyu means a huge Fig tree (Mukuyu) .The Gikuyu word is singular to Mukuyu. 


  • The word Gikuyu actually means a large Mukuyu tree. The Sycamore fig tree is a symbol of strength, protection and divinity. These 3 are extremely powerful qualities and truly embody Gikuyu’s protection over the tribe.


  • Underneath this beautiful tree and it’s leafy branches, the Gikuyu offered prayers for wealth and riches, the blessing of rain, without which the community would not have clean water, their crops would fail, nor will there be fresh green grass for their cattle and sheep.


  • The Mukuyu tree possess deep roots descending into the underground rock, the tree provides protection to the Agikuyu people by stabilising the soil from landslides in the steep highlands especially in Muranga.


  • In Gikuyu traditions, mukuyu is a sacred tree. Sacrifices to Ngai, the supreme creator, were performed under this tree. It is considered a bad omen when a mukuyu tree falls, and elders must perform a cleansing ritual if this happens.


Characteristics of the Mukuyu Tree - Sycamore Fig



Sycamore Fig tree in zambia

Image of Sycamore Fig tree in zambia

The Sycomore fig is classified under the genus Ficus, which encompasses a wide range of fig species. Its scientific name, Ficus sycomorus, reflects its lineage within the Moraceae family . The Sycomore fig can grow up to 20 meters in height, with a broad, spreading canopy that can reach widths of up to 30 meters. The trunk is often thick and gnarled, with a grayish-brown bark that can develop deep fissures as the tree ages. The leaves are dark green, leathery, and can reach up to 25 centimeters in length, featuring a distinctive lobed shape.


The trunk of Mukuyu is light brown with spots of dark brown in color



A mukuyu Fruit and seeds

Image of a mukuyu Fruit and seeds

The Sycomore fig is known for its unique flower structure, which is not immediately visible. The flowers are borne within a specialized structure called a syconium, a fleshy receptacle that houses multiple small flowers. The fruit, which is an inverted flower cluster, is typically yellow-green or brown when ripe. It has a sweet, fig-like flavor and is edible, often attracting a variety of wildlife.


Habitat and Distribution of the Sycamore Fig Tree

giant mukuyu tree with lions on top

Image of a giant Sycomore Fig in Uganda

The Sycomore fig is native to various regions across Africa and the Middle East. It thrives in tropical and subtropical climates, commonly found in riverine forests, savannas, and disturbed areas. Countries such as Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, and South Africa are home to thriving populations of this tree.The Sycomore fig plays a crucial role in its ecosystem. It serves as a keystone species, providing food and habitat for numerous animals. Birds, insects, and mammals are attracted to its fruits, while the tree itself offers shelter and nesting sites. The Sycomore fig's extensive root system also helps prevent soil erosion and maintain soil fertility.


Uses of the Sycomore Fig


yellow Mukuyu tree fruits

Image of Mukuyu Tree Fruits


  • The Mukuyu tree was an important source of shade for both people and livestock.


  • The wood was also used to make beehives, utensils (such as mortars and bowls), and musical instruments like the famous Wandidi favoured by the community. It was also used in construction and boat building.


  • The wood of the Sycomore fig is durable and often used in local construction, furniture-making, and crafts. Additionally, the leaves are sometimes used as fodder for livestock, contributing to the agricultural economy in areas where the tree is abundant.


  • Historically, the Sycomore fig has been an important food source for many cultures. The sweet, nutritious fruit is consumed fresh, dried, or used in various culinary applications. In some regions, it is processed into jams or used as a natural sweetener. The leaves are also used in traditional dishes, particularly in some African cuisines.


Mukuyu Tree leaves

Image of Sycomore fig tree leaf

The shape of leaves is oval with rounded end but some leaf is rounded spindle with a pointed end in their shape


Medicinal Uses of the Mukuyu Tree




Mukuyu tree trunk

Image of a giant Mukuyu Tree trunk

The Sycomore fig has been utilized in traditional medicine for centuries. Various parts of the tree, including the bark and leaves, are believed to possess therapeutic properties. Infusions made from the leaves are often used to treat ailments such as respiratory infections, gastrointestinal issues, and skin conditions.


Diagram of medicinal uses of the mukuyu tree

Diagram of medicinal uses of the mukuyu tree

The Giikuyu use the sap for toothache and the juice of the fruits as a topical treatment for skin diseases or irritation



Cultural Significance of the Mukuyu Tree


Mukuyu Tree leaves

Image of Mukuyu Tree leaves

The Sycomore fig holds a special place in the cultural and religious practices of several communities. In ancient Egypt, it was revered and often associated with the goddess Hathor, symbolizing fertility and motherhood. The tree's presence in Egyptian art and literature underscores its importance in ancient civilization.


Growing Conditions for the Mukuyu Tree

The Sycomore fig prefers well-drained soils and can thrive in a variety of soil types, including sandy and clay soils. It requires full sunlight and benefits from regular watering, especially during dry periods. This tree is relatively drought-tolerant once established.


sycomore Fig tree fruit

Image of a sycomore Fig tree fruit


Propagation can be achieved through seeds or vegetative cuttings. Seeds should be planted in well-drained soil, while cuttings should be taken from healthy branches. The tree’s rapid growth makes it an attractive option for reforestation projects.


Mukuyu Relationship with Water

Where there is a Mukuyu tree, there is water. Those people who drill borehole near the Mukuyu tree easily find water or “You can drill a borehole near the Mukuyu tree because the water table is near where there is a Mukuyu tree since they need plenty of water to grow. Thus if you see a Mukuyu tree, you can expect that plenty of water may be in the underground where the Mukuyu is,



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